The geometry is controlled by rod attached to a fixed-point. Comparison between a Catalan Vault and a stone Voussoir (Right) Construction without centering of a Catalan Dome. The brick tiles are placed flatly, layer by layer without any kind of centering or formwork also, the form gives the structural strength required which gives this construction technique a unique stand.įigure 1: (Left) Construction of Catalan Vault. Usually, the brick tiles of about half-one inch thick are used with fast-settling gypsum mortar in the traditional way of construction. From the composition of the construction technique, he could able to trace the region and able to implicate that the somewhere around 11th century in the region of Andalusia (Spain) the technique should have emerged.Ĭatalan Vaulting is a masonry technique to construct vaults with brick and mortar. However, another researcher in the discipline Manuel Fortea concluded in his theory that Tile Vaulting or more known as Catalan Vaulting was not something that was invented on a specific date or with a specific project but was rather a rigorous evolution of a technique that was rudimentary to the region. Ultimately though Archaeological evidence Philipe Arguas, a professor of Medieval Archaeology and History was able to deduce a date in the late 14th century. Collins, who was a professor of Art History at Columbia University and a well-known expert on the works of Antoni Gaudi was able to prove that in the construction of ‘The Royal Chapel’ of Barcelona Cathedral about 15th Century, Thin tile vaults are seen and those are also rudimentary to the context of Catalunya region. However, the data was not consistent and therefore the origin theory by Bergós could not be accepted. The construction drawings from Auguste Choisy, a French historian and architectural historian were instrumental in proving the theory of Joan Bergós. Starting with Joan Bergós stated that Romans had invented the technique of creating vaults with thin tiles. There are multiple accounts discussing the origins of Catalan Vaulting and a few of them include Joan Bergós, George R. The origin of the technique and also the name it has been much discussed by renowned historians and researchers. Since the mid-century, 16th century, most of Spain's vaults have been constructed using this technique (groined vaults, barrel vaults, saucer-shaped vaults and domes) or linked to stone ribs. Recent innovations in form-finding methods, material and false formwork convert this technique to build expressive forms.Ĭatalan Vaulting technique was a type of construction generally used in Spanish post-Medieval architecture and some of the colonial territories of South America. Later on, master builders such as Antoni Gaudi, Rafael Guastavino, Eladio Dieste take cues from it and constructed remarkable structures. it was practised in building naves of the churches, roofs of industrial factories, staircases, floor system etc. It was mastered in the region of Catalunya, Spain. ‘Catalan Vaulting’ also known as ‘Tile Vaulting’ is a 600-year-old construction technique to build masonry vaults with remarkable thinness and without the use of formwork or very minimal formwork. Catalan Vaulting – a masonry construction technique
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